The production cost of aluminum ingots The production cost refers to the sum of the material information and labor remuneration paid by a company to produce a certain amount of a certain commodity, that is, the C+V part of the commodity value composition. Let us first analyze the material cost of aluminum ingots:
There are three types of material data consumed by aluminum smelters to produce aluminum ingots: 1? Alumina; 2? Electricity cost; 3? Anode paste (anode carbon block). There are also fluoride salts, but they cost less, generally costing 200-300 yuan per ton of aluminum ingot. The following mainly analyzes the cost of the above three substances in the recent market price:
1. Alumina costs Generally speaking, each ton of aluminum ingot needs to consume 2 tons of alumina. With more and more manufacturers adopting advanced technology and strengthening technological transformation, most manufacturers currently produce one ton of aluminum ingot and consume alumina. Between 1.93 tons and 1.98 tons, although this ratio will continue to decline with the efforts of various manufacturers, the rate of decline will be small, and we can understand it as a constant. In this way, the price change of alumina determines the cost in this area. At present, the market price of alumina is maintained at around 2,100 yuan. We take a constant of 1.95 tons of aluminum ingot for each ton of aluminum ingot production. We can calculate that the current consumption of alumina is about 4,100 yuan.
2. Electricity costs The cost of this part involves two variables, one is the price of electricity per kWh; the other is the amount of electricity consumed per ton of aluminum ingot produced. The electrolytic aluminum industry consumes a lot of electricity. Due to the difference in production technology and equipment level, each manufacturer's electricity consumption for producing one ton of aluminum ingot varies greatly. At present, it is generally between 14000kwh and 16000kwh, and we take most of the manufacturer's consumption. The median value of electricity is 15000kwh. In the past two years, the average electricity price of domestic electrolytic aluminum producers is about 0.34 yuan, and the electricity cost per ton of aluminum ingot is about 5100 yuan.
3. Anode Carbon Block (Anode Paste) Costs Currently, the world's cell types are divided into self-baking cells and pre-baked cells. Correspondingly, the carbon anode used in the self-roasting tank is called the anode paste, and the carbon anode used in the pre-baking tank is called the anode carbon block. Since the anode carbon block must be first calcined, there are many processes, so the anode carbon block The price is relatively high. At present, the market price of one ton of anode paste is around 1,400 yuan, while the price of one ton of anode carbon block is around 3,000 yuan. The consumption of anode paste is 0.54 tons per ton of aluminum ingot produced and the carbon consumption of prebaked cells is consumed. Block 0. 6 tons, according to which draws a ton of aluminum ingot anode paste cost is 770 yuan, anode carbon block is 1800 yuan, we take the average of the two, in this regard the cost of 1280 yuan.
In summary, we can conclude that the average social raw material cost per ton of aluminum ingot produced in the country is 250 (fluorinated salt, etc.) + 4100 (alumina cost) + 5100 (electricity cost) + 1280 (positive paste cost) = 10,730 yuan. This is only the most basic direct material cost in the manufacturing cost, and a company must pay the salaries, management fees, financial expenses and sales expenses of the company staff, amortize the depreciation expenses of the machine factory, interest on the bank loan, and have to pay for simple social reproduction. Taxes, etc., should be included in the company's production costs. At present, the cost of domestic enterprises accounts for about 20% of the total production cost of aluminum ingots. According to the recent aluminum ingot market price of 13,400 yuan/ton, the cost in this area should be around 2680.
Analysis of Material Price Changes in the Production Cost Structure of Aluminum Ingots Analysis of Price Changes of Alumina In recent years, the price of alumina has fluctuate more frequently, with the highest price appearing at 3,300 yuan between August and September of 1995. The lowest price has reached around 1600 yuan, and the price stayed at 2000 for most of the time. Yuan/T ~ 2400 yuan/T.
The price of alumina is determined by its value and is affected by the relationship between supply and demand. There are three methods used for the production of alumina in China: sintering method, hybrid method, and Bayer method. Among them, the mixed method accounts for 69.4% and the sintering method accounts for 20. 2%, Bayer's law accounts for 10.4%, and their respective unit manufacturing costs are shown in Table 1.
According to the weighted average method, we draw a conclusion that the current domestic unit cost for producing alumina is about 1,453 yuan per ton. If we add some other costs, the domestic alumina production cost will be around 1600 yuan per ton. In Western countries, more than 90% of alumina production uses the Bayer process, and its production cost averages around US$150/ton. Compared with domestic and international markets, alumina in western countries is more competitive, but the price difference is not great.
After more than 40 years of construction, China has built six alumina production bases (another name is the five major alumina bases. Since the Zhengzhou Aluminum Plant and the Zhongchuan Aluminum Plant are both under the jurisdiction of China Great Wall Aluminum Corporation, some people regard them as the same base. ),their
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