The prevalence of ion heat treatment
As early as the early 1970s, the Beijing Machine Tool Research Institute successfully developed the first 10A ion nitriding test device in China. Since then, the research of ion nitriding technology has been carried out in spring and winter. The relationship between process parameters, microstructure and properties of the layer was systematically studied. The effects of carbon content and alloying elements in the steel, as well as the original structure, temperature, time, pressure and composition of the gas medium on the microstructure of the layer were explored. The conditions for forming the γ, ε phase, γ'+ε or ε+Fe3C composite phase compound layer and the compound-free layer were determined, and the optimum microstructure of the steel under various service conditions was determined. These conclusions lay a good foundation for the expansion of ion nitriding. By the end of 1980, there were thousands of ion nitriding equipment and dozens of ion nitriding equipment manufacturers in the country, and a climax of promoting ion nitriding technology was launched.In addition to ion nitriding, many research institutes and universities have also carried out research and development of ion carburizing, carbonitriding, ion soft nitriding, sulfur nitrogen and carbonitriding, ionizing and boronizing, etc. Factors such as complex technology, high production cost, environmental protection, safety and hygiene have not been widely used, and ion nitriding is the most widely used.
The research and application of ion plating technology is also an example of the progress of heat treatment technology in China. Taiyuan University of Technology, Beijing Union University and the First Institute of Electronics Department conducted in-depth research on the mechanism of ion plating, optimization of process parameters, coating quality and process, and developed multi-layer glow ion metallization and multi-arc ion The plating technology can not only obtain a dense TiN deposit on the surface of the metal product, but also obtain a single-element plating layer of W, Mo, Cr, Ni, etc., and also can make W, Cr, Mo, V and other elements simultaneously and in different combinations and ratios. It is infiltrated into ordinary steel, and its surface is given a relatively thick plating layer similar to high-speed steel composition, thus replacing expensive high-speed steel.
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