Because fixed-wing UAVs are faster and more energy-efficient than multi-rotor aircraft, they are often used for tasks such as mapping marine areas. Fixed-wing UAVs do require landing strips, but there is not always space on the deck of the ship. A new technology solves this problem-using helicopters to capture them.
The system was developed by a team at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology and requires a fixed-wing UAV equipped with a small box at the bottom. When one of these drones approached its main ship at sea, the box opened and the catch line with a hook at the end fell out and hung down.
While the fixed-wing UAV approached the ship, two automatic multi-rotor UAVs took off from the ship. They continue to hover side by side under the path into the drone and stretch the cable horizontally between them. When the drone capture line is close to the cable, the helicopter begins to fly in the same direction as the drone.
This causes the capture line to hook the cable, but not too suddenly. Then the drone turned off the motor, and finally swung down, hanging under the cable. Then the multi-rotor is gently lowered onto the deck of the ship before entering the ship.
"The operation can be performed almost anywhere, without runways or other infrastructure," said Professor Tor Arne Johansen of the university. "This method requires minor changes to any fixed-wing UAV, instead of using traditional methods to restore the fixed-wing UAV on the net or vertical line. This requires the drone to withstand the heavy loads encountered when landing."
Although some fixed-wing UAVs can perform vertical takeoff and landing, these are often more complicated. There are at least one model that can perform belly landing on the water, but the rough seas will challenge it-plus it must be removed from the water after landing.
The new Norwegian "linecatch" system is demonstrated in the video below.
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