Abstract After more than 50 years of development of superhard materials, China's diamond production accounts for more than 90% of the world's total, and cubic boron nitride production accounts for more than 60%. China is on the road from a superhard material producing country to a strong country. The superhard materials industry is closely related to the development of the national economy...
After more than 50 years of development of superhard materials, China's diamond production accounts for more than 90% of the world's total, and cubic boron nitride production accounts for more than 60%. China is on the road from a superhard material producing country to a strong country. The super-hard materials industry is closely related to the development of the national economy. In 2015, China's economic development entered a new normal, with reform and transformation innovation as the main line, changing production patterns, adjusting industrial structure, and finding a new stage of new growth points. So, what is the situation of the superhard materials industry and its future development? The six signals warn that the “later advantage†is disappearing over the past 30 years of reform and opening up, and China has achieved rapid growth. Some people call it a "later advantage", which means that the developed countries draw on the science, technology, and management methods of developed countries to develop themselves, so development is faster. But this backward advantage is rapidly disappearing for several reasons:
The first is the labor problem. In the past, China had a large amount of labor, low cost, low wages, and how many people were recruited, but now it is different, the labor cost advantage gradually disappears, and labor costs rise sharply;
Second, environmental protection costs are under pressure. In the past, we emphasized that development is the last word, and the environment is neglected. It is now impossible to support environmental policies. Enterprises must pay environmental protection fees for this. In our electroplating industry, we must be vigilant, otherwise we will close the door, fine, and pursue criminal responsibility.
Third, the price of raw materials has risen. The rise in the price of raw materials has greatly increased the cost of the entire industrial product. And the price of the product has not improved, no doubt the company is more and more difficult to survive.
Fourth, the export is blocked. In the past, we produced low-cost products and exported them to the international market. As the cost of products rises, it is very difficult to maintain export rates. For example, our diamond saw blades, the products occupy the international market mainly in the middle and low grade, known as the DIY market. However, high-end products are still occupied by foreigners, so we must improve the quality and grade of saw blades, apply new technologies (such as homogenization technology, surface treatment technology, etc.) to enhance the technological content of products, and vigorously develop sawing products, such as sintered beads and ropes. Saw products, wire saw products, and ultra-thin products are squeezed into the international market.
Fifth, the technology encounters bottlenecks. It should be noted that there are many products in our industry, and the quality of the products is catching up or close to the developed countries. However, after approaching a certain level, it is necessary to innovate and develop new products. Otherwise, it will be difficult to develop. Other people's new technology, new products will not be easily given to you, this is the problem we are currently facing.
Sixth, the problem of financial debt. In recent years, the problems of capital and debt faced by our enterprises have been more serious. At present, local governments also have debt crises. Enterprises are in debt with each other, which makes some enterprises suffer from normal production and cannot even start construction. To maintain production, they have to borrow usury. Interest is higher than profit. Reluctance to maintain workers' wages is not an individual phenomenon. It exists in various industries. The cemented carbide tool industry, the abrasives industry, the brazing steel industry, and the economic benefits are relatively low. Last year, I gave an example. There are nearly 300 companies in the national hard alloy brazing rod industry, with a total output of 42% of the world, but the economic benefits are not as high as those of a Swedish company.
Four major measures to deal with the future development of enterprises 1. Emancipate the mind, enterprises must adjust, transform, upgrade, and innovate
When you are traveling on a busy day, you can eat instant noodles. If there is no technician to produce instant noodles, there is a market for instant noodles in today's instant, only the flour market. Therefore, on the road of development, the enterprise leadership must first emancipate the mind, change the way of thinking, and be brave in innovation. It is not possible to rely solely on the improvement of output and the improvement of product quality.
Our diamond application market, diamond fines, diamond micropowder, diamond fine powder, nano powder, etc., the market is very big, such as now that ordinary computers are saturated, they go to produce tablet computers. Science and technology and economic development to a certain extent, you must constantly open up the market and occupy the market. It is almost impossible to rely on traditional industries and traditional products. Innovation is not unattainable, innovation is everywhere, in short, there are technological innovation, process innovation, product innovation, management innovation. Regardless of what the innovation is, it is more important to consider two questions: First, whether it will increase the value to consumers. People who do business must first ask themselves a question, why do people buy your things, or why do you attract them? Consumers, your products are of good quality and low price, and provide him with great value, so that people will buy you. Second, your product is as good as others, but your product is cheaper, better service, and people are willing to buy you.
Those who dare not fail cannot innovate. Of course, innovation is not easy. We must do everything hard and do everything possible. We must understand the developments in the field of science and technology at home and abroad, do a good job in market research, and grasp the laws of market development. There is not much profit at the beginning of innovation, and sometimes it will lose money. Once the product is accepted by the market, it will make money. When it comes to making big money, the product will be imitated more, the profit will start to fall, and the entrepreneur will consider investing in the second innovation. It is also the philosophical law that people often say that "people have no me, people have me, people are better," and so on, companies can continue to develop. If you make the first innovation and make big money, you will be satisfied and proud. You will definitely be finished. Synthetic diamond catalyst materials and flake catalysts in our industry have been in production for nearly two decades and were later replaced by powdered catalysts. The production enterprises did not undergo timely transformation and upgrading, and finally the enterprises closed down.
Entrepreneurs must handle the relationship between short-term interests and long-term interests, handle the relationship between enterprises and the government, and the relationship between enterprises and enterprises. However, under the current circumstances, the government cannot rely solely on the government. Local governments have many debts, and local governments can also Bankruptcy. Some people say that the relationship between entrepreneurs and the government and banks cannot be too close. They can only shake hands and cannot embrace.
Second, vigorously develop ultra-hard materials tools and drills, the more high-precision green environmental protection products, the support for other high-tech industries is great, solve the difficult problem of processing with traditional tools, especially the processing of hard and brittle materials, improve production Efficiency and precision reduce environmental pollution. According to statistics, last year, it consumed 48.5 billion yuan and engineering drilling tools exceeded 20 billion yuan. China's aerospace, automotive, military, high-speed rail, subway, mines, tunnels, oilfield development, etc., the requirements for cutting tools, drilling tools, such as the complexity of geological mine rock formation and oil exploitation, drilling depth of several hundred meters In the deep wells of several kilometers, it is difficult to use carbide tools and drills. Superhard materials tools and drills must be used. Composite sheet cutters (PDC, PCD) have developed at a rate of 45% in the past two years, but as a tool application, it has a large gap with the international market, accounting for only 1% of the total tool, while Japan and the United States account for 4-5% of its total tool. Russia accounts for 4-7%. The service life and processing efficiency of the composite sheet cutter are increased by several tens of times and hundreds of times, avoiding the dust generated during the production process, the pollution of the cutting fluid to the environment, and achieving clean production, so it is a high-speed, high-efficiency, sophisticated environmental protection tool. It is the mainstream of new materials and machining in the future.
Third, the development of new functional composite materials With the progress of the times, the development of science and technology, especially the development of national defense and military technology, but the use of metal materials in the process of limitations, such as aerospace, defense air products are said to be Most of the joint operations of various disciplines are made of composite materials. The combination of ordinary steel and super-hard material greatly improves the performance of the material, and its hardness, strength and toughness are better, and it can be used on the shield machine of the subway large drill bit. Yale University in the United States has developed C~si composite materials, which are light and environmentally friendly. Graphene products developed by the Korean Academy of Materials Science. China has also attached great importance to its inclusion in the 973 program. In September last year, at the International Graphene Innovation Conference held in Ningbo, Zhejiang, the International Graphene Alliance was established. Graphene can replace silicon, which is one hundred times faster than silicon. Some people have done experiments. After adding graphene to the phenolic resin, the impact strength is increased by 150%, and the bending degree is increased by more than 40%. It is added to various nets to form the strength, impact and wear resistance of the material "light core mesh". Sexuality has improved significantly, and some people have analyzed graphene to promote global technological advancement.
Fourth, vigorously open up new markets In 2015, the industry is still shuffling, many small enterprises will be eliminated, large companies with low technology content will also be eliminated, we have many small diamond processing plants closed, and hard The quality alloy tool factory and the brazing tool factory are also facing bankruptcy. To survive, we must improve product quality and stabilize production quality. Entrepreneurs must have a sense of crisis, continue to innovate, and constantly develop new products to make the company invincible.
1. Develop superhard materials for high-tech products.
1 The core technology of the solar photovoltaic industry lies in the special requirements of solar cells, that is, the use of diamond wire saws or ultra-thin wafers (for semiconductor chips) in the slicing technology of monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon. They have to master its production. technology.
2 The use of diamond has good thermal conductivity, and it is required to use special diamonds in heat management materials such as heat sinks, thermistors, microwave devices, high-power integrated circuits, lasers, etc.
3 In the military industry, the use of diamonds has good light transmission properties, from ultraviolet to far infrared, and can be used as a lens material for cruise missiles, and also requires special diamonds.
4 nanometer diamond has its special properties and is used in defense science for stealth materials;
In short, super-hard materials in high-tech, wide application range, high requirements, good future, we must work hard to develop new super-hard materials and products to meet market demand.
2. Combine superhard materials with carbide tools to develop high-tech products.
　　 Superhard materials are combined with cemented carbides in a variety of production processes, including electroplating, sintering, rolling, and compounding. For example, superhard alloys and superhard materials are combined to form new materials, which greatly improve the hardness, strength and wear resistance of the alloy. It is made into composite sheets, ball teeth and picks. His service life is higher than that of cemented carbide drills. hundred times. Oil mining, in the deep well below three kilometers, must use a bit of super hard material. In the future, the shield members used in high-speed rail, subway and tunnels in China should also use super-hard materials. Now the service life of shield machines in China is still very short.
3, superhard materials combined with abrasives and abrasive tools will soon replace ordinary abrasives.
　　 Although ordinary abrasives are cheap, they have large environmental pollution, backward production processes, and cannot adapt to market demands. They are also products restricted by the state. Since 2010, there have been several powerful enterprises in China, which have begun to replace silicon carbide with diamond and replace corundum with cubic boron nitride to produce grinding heads, grinding discs, grinding blocks, grinding wheels, abrasive belts, etc., and their performance and service life. Greatly improved and in line with environmental protection policies. Due to the high price of super-hard abrasives, it is difficult for general users to accept, and the promotion speed is slow. Now the price has dropped. Super-hard abrasives have great development prospects. Some people count that only super-hard grinding wheels consume 1/ of the total consumption of super-hard abrasives. 4,. It can be seen that the development of superhard abrasives brings unlimited business opportunities to superhard materials.
　　 In short, although our industry is not large, the state attaches great importance to the inclusion of superhard materials, some alloy tools and abrasive tools in the high-tech industry. The industry will have better development space in the future. As long as we make good products from production to quality, the varieties will be transformed from large-scale products to high-tech products, and we will strive to develop high-tech products and increase the economic benefits of enterprises. The core of competition in the future is innovation, and the driving force for enterprise development is also innovation. As Prime Minister Li Keqiang said, mass entrepreneurship and innovation. (Text/National Superhard Materials Expert Committee, Secretary General of Hunan Superhard Materials Association)
Offering aluminum balls manufacturer in 1060/ 1070/ 1100/ 5050/ 5056/ 6061/ 7A03/ 7A09/ 7075 aluminum alloys. A wide range of material and sizes steel balls are available for choosing. Aluminum balls are mainly used in the stud welding industry in place of fasteners for construction, industrial and automotive applications.
Aluminum Balls,Foil Ball,Aluminum Foil Ball,Aluminium Foil Ball
CHANGZHOU HUARI STEEL BALL CO., LTD. , https://www.stwballs.com