Apple picking before and after picking, the next year is a bumper harvest

Apple fruit picking and fruit management after picking up the bag is a management process before and after apple harvesting. Many fruit farmers lack understanding or do not understand their management techniques, often resulting in unclean fruit, pests and diseases, and the fruit rate is greatly reduced. After a hard year, I was negligent and half-time. Therefore, fruit farmers should strictly control the post-harvest management technology of apples, and start from the beginning to obtain higher economic benefits.

 

First, pick up the bag time.

 

Picking bags at the right time is a technical measure to obtain high quality fruit. Picking up the bag too early, the fruit is exposed for a long time, it is easy to cause roughness, uneven coloration, long-term sun exposure will make the color darker, and it is easy to cause pests and diseases; the bag picking time is too late, the light receiving time is short, causing the fruit to be incompletely colored, Light color, low sugar content, poor flavor, and easy to fade after a long time. Appropriate bag picking time: yellow and green varieties, bag should be picked 5-7 days before harvesting, red mid-maturing, mid-late ripe varieties should be picked up about 15 days before harvest; red late-maturing varieties such as red Fuji should be in mining Take the bag 20-30 days ago .

 

Second, the date of picking up the bag.

 

It is best to choose cloudy and cloudy days, try to avoid strong sunny days to reduce sunburn. If you pick up the bag on a sunny day, you can remove the fruit bag from the east and the north of the canopy in the morning, and remove the fruit bag from the southwest and the south in the afternoon to make the fruit adapt to the light after the bag is picked. Climate loess plateau is usually autumn drought flood, such as when the flood autumn, preferably orchard water pouring 1 to 3-5 days before the pick bags, dry pick bags after admission.

 

Third, the method of bag picking.

 

The apples in the film bag do not need to be picked up, and can be stored and sold in bags. Single-layer paper bags and inner and outer joint bags should be torn into umbrella-shaped strips on the fruit before 12 o'clock in the morning and after 4 o'clock in the afternoon . After 4-6 days, they are completely removed.

 

Double-layer paper bag removal method. The inner layer is a red double-layer paper bag. First remove the outer bag. After 5-7 sunny days, remove the inner bag from 10 am to 4 pm to avoid excessive temperature difference. In case of cloudy weather, the time for removing the inner bag is pushed backwards to prevent the “water surface” of the fruit surface. The inner layer is a black double-layer bag. The bottom of the outer bag is first torn open, the inner black bag is taken out, and the outer bag is removed. Torn into a strip of hood on the fruit, after 6-7 days, remove the outer bag. Paper, film double sets of apples, only the outer layer of paper bags, retain the inner film bag until the fruit is sold.

 

Fourth, the management after picking the bag.

 

There are two central tasks after fruit picking: one is to promote fruit coloring and strive for all red fruits; the other is to prevent various diseases and insect pests, and strive to "three no ones".

 

( 1 ) Picking leaves after 3-5 days after bag picking, first remove the leaf and fruit shading leaves, and then remove the leaves in the upper part of the canopy and around the periphery of the fruit within 5 cm. Be careful to keep the petiole. Picking leaves should not be too early, too much, the amount of leaves picked is 10%-15% of the total amount of the whole tree , and the maximum can not exceed 30% , otherwise it will affect the differentiation of flower buds.

 

( 2 ) Transfer fruit 4-8 days after bag picking, within 8 days after bag picking (except rainy days) is the coloring period of fruit sun body. Four days after the bag was picked , the fruit sun was almost completely colored. At this time, the fruit will be lightly turned 180 degrees, and the shade will be transferred to the sunny side. Within 15-20 days, the shade will be fully colored. The fruit should be selected on a cloudy day, cloudy or sunny morning, and in the afternoon to avoid noon. For areas with short stems and high altitudes, areas with large temperature differences between day and night can also be used for secondary fruit transfer. Turn 90 degrees first , then turn 90 degrees in the same direction after 7-10 days .

 

( 3 ) Immediately after picking up the bag, a long white reflective film is placed on the tree tray and the trunk of the tree, and compacted with rope or plastic soil bag. The reflective film can increase the average relative light intensity in the ten crowns by more than 70% , and increase the direct light in the crown of 0.5-1 meters in the lower part of the canopy by 18.6%-34.1% . The reflected light is increased by 5 times compared with the control tree , and the coloring rate of the drooping fruit is up to 98% , the rate of all red fruits is 85% .

 

( 4 ) 40 days before the harvest and 25 days, each sprayed a bath of 2000 times liquid, and the color enhancement effect was observed 7 days after spraying . Fruit coloration is closely related to the level of orchard management. Adding organic fertilizer to the orchard, applying more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, especially in August , can continuously spray 2-3 times of foliar fertilizer such as 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or sea lysine lactone, and control nitrogen and water after September . Both are very conducive to fruit coloring. If you can add more than 10 degrees Celsius in the coloring period, the temperature difference between day and night is above 10 degrees Celsius. There is light rain and early, and there are good ring mirror conditions with dew and ventilation. The coloring of the fruit will also play a role in icing on the cake.

 

( 5 ) After the fruit is bagged, as the fruit continues to grow, calcium and some nutrients are consumed in large quantities. After picking the bag and before harvesting, the fruit still has a period of exposure. Therefore, 2-3 days after the fruit is picked from the bag , 800 times of calcium is sprayed in time to protect the fruit. If you pick up the bag, if there are dark spots, black spots, and rotten fruit on the face of the bag, you can spray a systemic treatment for 2-3 days after removing the bag . The fungicide, such as multi-antibiotic, Jin Lux, etc., to prevent disease. spread. However, the spray must be completed 25-30 days before fruit picking . Spraying calcium must be sprayed onto the fruit surface, and it must be sprayed and sprayed thoroughly.

 

( 6 ) The bagging fruit is reduced by 1 degree due to less light . Therefore, in addition to strengthening the application of organic fertilizer, increase the comprehensive management of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, the appropriate delay in harvesting for 7-10 days, in order to increase sugar and color.

 

 

 

 

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