Electrical fire fighting knowledge

From the fire-fighting point of view, there are two characteristics of electrical fire should be noted: First, electrical equipment and electrical appliances do not disconnect from the power after the fire or cause a fire, still charged; Second, some electrical equipment (such as power transformers, circuit breakers, motors The starting device, etc.) is itself oil-filled. In the event of a fire, it may inject fuel or even explode, causing the spread of fire and extending the scope of the fire. Therefore, appropriate measures must be taken to save fires from electrical fires.

1. Cut off the power

In the event of an electrical fire, if there is no power outage on the site, the first step is to cut off the power supply. This is an important measure to prevent the expansion of the electrical equipment and the short circuit of the line to increase the fire area and avoid electric shock.

When cutting off the power supply, please note the following points:

1 The electrical equipment in the fire area is damp and smoked, and the insulation ability is reduced. When the switch is opened or the power is cut off in other ways, a reliable insulating tool must be used to prevent electric shock accidents during the operation.

2 The location of the cut off power should be selected properly so as not to affect the fire extinguishing work.

3 When an electrical fire occurs at night and the power is cut off, temporary lighting measures required for fire fighting and rescue should be considered.

4 When cutting the wire, the non-inphase wire should be cut at different parts to avoid two-phase or three-phase short circuit; the cut-off point of the overhead wire should be selected near the support on the power supply side to prevent the wire from touching the human body or short circuit after breaking off.

5 If the wire carries a load, remove the load as much as possible before cutting off the power and preventing the load from being pulled.

2. Prevent electric shock

If an electrical fire occurs, if it is critical because of the situation, it is necessary to extinguish the fire when the time for extinguishing the fire is high, or when it is forbidden and cannot be cut off due to other reasons. To prevent personal electric shock, the following points should be noted:

1 The rescue personnel and the electrified body should maintain a sufficient safety distance to prevent the body, hands, feet and fire extinguishers used from being in direct contact with live electrical appliances, electrical circuits and equipment, or too close.

2 When the high-voltage electrical equipment or the line is grounded, an alert area should be set to prevent people from entering and getting an electric shock. In the room, the fire-fighting personnel shall not enter the range within 4 meters of the fault point ; outside, the fire-fighting personnel shall not enter the range within 8 meters of the fault point ; the fire-fighting personnel entering the above-mentioned range must wear insulated boots.

3 Use non-conductive fire extinguishing agents such as carbon dioxide and dry powder, dry sand, etc. Because water and foam fire extinguishing agent are conductive, it is strictly prohibited to use it when extinguishing the fire.

4 When the fire is extinguished, wear insulated rubber gloves.

3. Oil-filled electrical equipment must not use water for fire extinguishing

1 When an external oil-filled device catches fire, extinguishers such as carbon dioxide and dry powder may be used to extinguish the fire; if the fire is large, the power must be cut off immediately and the water must be extinguished.

2 If it is a fire inside the oil-filled equipment, immediately cut off the power supply. Use a spray gun when extinguishing the fire. If necessary, use dry sand, mud, etc. to extinguish the fire. The leaked oil fire can be extinguished by a foam fire extinguisher.

(3) When a rotating electric machine such as a generator or a motor catches fire, to prevent the shaft and bearing from being deformed, it can be made to rotate slowly, use a spray gun to extinguish the fire, and help it cool down. Can also use carbon dioxide, steam and other fire.