On January 9th, Zhang Qiang won the first prize of the National Natural Science Award for the presentation and application of the “transparent computing†theory. As a successful researcher, what kind of understanding does he have? What kind of thinking? For scientific research, what to say? Zhang Xiaoxue answered these questions of people's curiosity in the interview.
The innovation of scientific research lies in "can't follow other people."
"Our country's 'replacement' strategy is used too much. There is always an atomic bomb in the United States. We will follow the construction of an atomic bomb. The United States has made a stealth aircraft. We have also followed the production of stealth aircraft. In the IT industry, we have always used this kind of weapon. Strategy, but this strategy is very difficult to succeed.The IT industry can really make us succeed is innovation, such as 'Alibaba''Tencent', their success lies in the innovation. And the fact is that real people do not have, However, we still have few core technologies, so researchers must have the courage and determination to do something that others don't have. Even if it fails, it at least shows that we are working hard. We can't follow other people." It seems that the reason why China, which started late in modern science and technology, has not been able to occupy a commanding height, an important reason is that it always follows others, first "learning", and then always want to have a more profound result to "replace ". It is very difficult to confine yourself in a narrow and narrow passage.
Zhang Xiaoxue is a person who doesn't like to get together. Therefore, on the road of scientific research, he prefers that one person walks freely to pay attention to what he is interested in, finds the problem he wants to solve, and then “pins it, fix it". The "transparency calculation" theory is such that he "pinned":
When many Chinese people were not familiar with computers and networks 20 years ago, as a professional researcher, Zhang Xiaoxue discovered that he was keenly aware that with the advancement and development of science and technology, people’s dependence on computers and networks will increase. getting bigger. However, the emergence of science and technology should bring convenience and bring more freedom to people's lives. How can we make people's work and life not be tired of the machine? Not tied to the network? Facts have proved that Zhang Xiaoxue's prediction was correct. For many years of research, his thinking has become more and more mature.
In 2001, Zhang Xiaoxue formally proposed "transparency calculation". Its core idea is to separate storage and computing by changing the computing architecture. Users can cross-platform and operate without barriers. Subsequently, the theory of transparent computing began to drive more than 30 universities and research institutes in the world to conduct relevant tracking research. In 2012, Intel’s senior vice president Zhan Ruini grandly promoted this achievement, saying that “transparent computing will lead the next computing eraâ€.
Let the “small terminals do big things†and “small achievements have big output†and “I hope that by changing the changes in the computer architecture, computers can be made simpler and easier for users to use, make them more convenient, safer, and more convenient. Comfortable, to achieve these three goals, it is necessary to create new software, new terminals, which will inevitably pull the development of the industrial chain, to bring more development prospects for the domestic IT industry,†Zhang said.
To establish scientific research confidence
In Zhang Xiaoxue’s dictionary, scientific research is happy. “The key is that you have to recognize your heart, have a dream in your heart, and are willing to fight for it. You will feel that doing research is a very interesting thing.†But happy scientific research is always lonely. It is also full of bumpy.
For a researcher, it is difficult to achieve breakthroughs in basic theory. For Chinese science and technology workers, it is more difficult to walk in the forefront of the developed countries. Looking back at the research process, Zhang Jianxue admitted that the greatest difficulty is that it is difficult to convince others that a Chinese person can walk ahead of the Americans and come up with better theories than Americans.
“It was very difficult for us to want to invest in articles abroad, and we couldn’t mention new things, because people thought that they must be Americans or Europeans. People in third world countries must raise new things. It is not believed that if you are abroad, if your paper finds new problems on something that is mature, it will be easier to accept new results, but you write something that others have not yet studied, or It is a paper with subversive ideas. International academic journals will usually bring back your paper.†At the beginning, Zhang Xiaoxue and his team spent a full 10 years publishing a paper abroad.
Proposing any concept requires the recognition and support of the academic community and even the society. Zhang Xiaoxue understands that a country’s scientific and technological strength, its own culture, and the public’s beliefs determine whether a concept can be recognized and promoted. “Our scientists and entrepreneurs have the unique feature that they lack confidence in what they do. As long as the United States is doing something, they will quickly follow what the Chinese have done. Everyone is always skeptical.â€
In this regard, Zhang Xiaoxue has repeatedly stressed that “our researchers must have confidence in scientific research. No matter how successful they are, they must continue to do it.†This is what Zhang Xiaoxue has asked of students. “Mr. Zhang has only one requirement for us. We need to focus on one direction and focus on doing it. We must focus, persist, and not give up easily,†said 13-year Ph.D. student Xu Wei.
Do research, the environment is very important
Talking about the just-acquired National Natural Science First Prize, Zhang Xiaoxue waved his hand: winning a prize is an accident. Those who do not receive a prize are not necessarily worse than me. To say this, it is possible to achieve this result thanks to a relaxed research environment. "When I was in school, I was not constrained by university assessments. When I was doing scientific research, I didn't ask myself to accomplish anything this year. I was in a relaxed mood, and I gradually made my own decisions. It doesn't matter what the mentality does."
According to Zhang Shuxue, the first step in scientific research should be to start with the aiming direction. “A person who once finds out his senses should broaden his horizons and increase his knowledge. When doing scientific research, he should feel a little relaxed. Walking in the fields, the freedom of the old cows to graze, and the leisurely strength. In this way, your ideological realm will open a bit, the realm will open a bit, and the things you ponder will be a bit more."
In addition to maintaining a free and relaxed research environment, Zhang Xiaoxue also likes to chat with people. “I think mutual discussion is much better than reading books and dealing with exams. Talking to each other can make you logically clearer and easier to find loopholes. So I think everyone When you are free, talk more."
“In terms of scientific research and innovation, the government can do a lot of things, such as giving appropriate policy support and providing scientific entrepreneurs with a fair market environment. This will help them. Take an analogy with our current “transparency calculationsâ€. The machines that we have made can allow them to take a look. For an experiment, they can discover that our security level is higher than that of others. In this case, they can purchase some machines first to support the promotion of innovative ideas. Because the government tends to have bigger pulling power than the market, but scientific research and innovation companies can't completely hope for the government, because innovative companies rely too much on government support and people's wisdom cannot be inspired. To inspire people's wisdom, The government will give him an environment and give him trust, so that he can feel that he can maximize the development of the brain in this environment."
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