Under normal circumstances, the effects of soil salt concentration on the growth and development of fruit trees include: loss of balance of water nutrient absorption, resulting in poor growth and development of fruit trees; absorption of calcium is blocked, leaves become brown, focal points appear, causing poor fruit setting, young fruit Shedding; root cells are generally separated by plasmolysis, and new roots are blocked, causing the plants to wither and die.
The basic content of governance is to take water as the forerunner and fertilize the fertilizer as the core to carry out comprehensive management of drought and salinity; the core of the project is drainage, irrigation, flatness and fertilizer. Drainage and irrigation is the basis for the treatment of saline soil. Only on this platform will other measures play a greater role.
First, reduce the salt content of the soil to the extent that the crop can adapt. Hydraulic engineering measures, agricultural measures, and chemical improvement measures for alkaline soils are required.
Secondly, take measures to reduce the groundwater level and pay attention to the irrigation and drainage project. The combination of engineering measures and agricultural measures, the traditional measures to improve the technology mainly include soil scraping alkali, ditching alkali, storing light alkali, and adding organic fertilizer.
Secondly, organic fertilizer is added. In addition to the salinity hazard of saline soil, drought and inferiority often restrict the growth of crops, and the degree of salinization is aggravated, and the soil fertility is getting lower and lower.
Finally, a soil amendment is applied. Use physical measures to improve soil structure and enhance soil permeability; use chemical measures to improve alkaline soil, one is to add acid (chemical action), such as sulfuric acid, ferrous sulfate, etc., the alkaline soil has residues after acid addition, and increased The salt of the soil. One is calcium addition (substitution), such as gypsum, calcium oxide, and the like. However, the amount of gypsum is large, it takes only 3 years to be effective, and the cost is high, and the northern calcareous soil itself is rich in calcium.
(Feng Xue)
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