RFID technology is a non-contact automatic identification technology that uses inductive, radio wave or microwave for non-contact two-way communication to achieve automatic identification technology for identification and data exchange purposes.
The working principle of the RFID system is that the reader sends out a certain frequency of radio frequency signals through the antenna: when the RFID tag enters the reader field, the antenna generates an induced current, so that the RFID tag is activated and sends itself to the reader. Encoding and other information: The reader receives the carrier signal from the tag, demodulates and decodes the received signal, and sends it to the host computer for processing: the computer system determines the legality of the tag according to the logic operation, and makes different settings for the different settings. Corresponding processing and control, issuing a command signal: the data demodulation portion of the RFID tag demodulates the data from the received RF pulse and sends it to the control logic, and the control logic receives the instruction to complete the storage, transmit data or other operations.
At present, RFID products are defined to have different operating frequencies in the low frequency, high frequency and very high frequency range, and different frequency bands of RFID products have different characteristics. Among them, the sensor has both passive and active methods. The application technology of RFID in the field of animal identification is relatively mature. In this field, the passive sensor is used in the low frequency band, and the working frequency is from 120KHz to 134KHz.
Using RFID technology to apply to cow ear tags, using network technology and application systems to achieve monitoring and management of dairy cow disease, effectively improve the management level and work efficiency of dairy production. The characteristics of RFID make it suitable for animal product safety management. Through its corresponding back-end information system, effective management of agricultural product safety is achieved. The application in this project can be traced to each cow in a specific dairy farm. It can effectively monitor the safety of dairy products.
1 Design significance of dairy cow disease surveillance system based on RFID technology
The use of RFID to ensure the safety of dairy products, so that the product has traceability.
Figure 1 Overall structure of the dairy cow disease network supervision system
In recent years, due to frequent food safety crises, which have seriously affected people's health and caused widespread concern around the world, developed countries and regions such as the European Union and the United States require that foods exported to the local area must be tracked and traced. The project used RFID (electronic tag) technology to implement “source†food tracking to provide transparency in the food supply chain. The RFID system provides a reliable link between the food in the food chain, ensuring that the history of food reaching the supermarket shelves and restaurant kitchens is clear and can be traced to specific dairy farms, answering users about “where the food comes from, middle Questions such as whether the processing link is perfect, and give detailed and reliable answers. Effectively monitor and solve food safety problems.
Use RFID to monitor the whole process of dairy cow disease supervision. This in itself requires a detailed understanding of the overall situation of the dairy cows, strict monitoring of the breeding, production and reproduction of the cows, especially the prevention and control of the disease, which guarantees the safety and hygiene of the dairy products and guarantees the cows. It plays an important role in the healthy and sustainable development of production, the protection of people's health and the safety of life and property. The use of RFID to provide decision-making departments with favorable information for disease prevention and control measures, to achieve large-scale, intensive, modern management of dairy cattle breeding. With the continuous development of dairy farming industry, improving the milk production of dairy cows, improving the overall economic efficiency of breeding herds, production management level and control of major diseases have become important measures to improve the development of dairy cattle production, from the current production status and For the requirements of dairy production and disease control management, the introduction of computer management into dairy production has become an inevitable trend and development direction.
2 Information collection of dairy cow disease surveillance system based on RFID technology
2.1 Principle of RFID
The RFID tag of the Dairy Cow Disease Surveillance System uses the ECC (Electronic Cow Code) standard system, which includes ECC, Tag, Reader, Savant, ONS, PML and other elements. The ECC code is the only sign that is given to cows during the supervision of dairy cow disease. It records the administrative area code, the cow code, the basic information code of the birth, etc.: The reader is used to collect the tag data, and the farm administrator The RFID ear tag of the cow is read by a fixed RFID reader, and the card reader transmits the collected tag data to the middleware (Savant), which manages and transmits the data related to the cow electronic code: object naming system ONs (Object —Name
System) is an automatic network service system, similar to the Domain Name Resolution Service (DNS), which provides a global information sharing mechanism, so that Savant software realizes information collection of ECC and dairy cow disease supervision through ONS: thus achieving network management and monitoring. The language specification for communication uses the physical markup language PML (Physical Markup Language)
2.2 RFlD technology application and implementation
The breeding administrator reads the RFID ear tag of any cow through a fixed RFID card reader, and the computer recognizes the number of the cow: the cattle farm number (the name of the cattle farm), the cow number, and the computer system database. The details of the head cow include: parent number, mother number, grandfather, mother number, grandfather, mother, land, type, breed, coat color, date of birth, birth weight, owner's house, cow status, date of transfer (transfer The date must be greater than the date of birth, aliases, etc., the cows implement RFID electronic information card management, all of which implement network management and monitoring.
2.3 New data collection methods
Using the new Socket CF Reader reader, combined with the existing handheld PDA, develop new data collection features:
(1) Dual function
The unique dual-function CFRFID scanner reader 6M/6P adds HFRFID read/write and barcode scanning capabilities to the Windows Mo-bi le with cF slot.
(2) Hand operation
Once the CFRFID card reader is inserted into the PDA, it can be operated with one hand.
(3) Low energy design
Socket-designed portable CFRFID readers have the lowest power consumption, which is important when the reader is used on a battery-powered handheld computer. Work for hours without having to change batteries or charge your handheld's battery.
3 Design of dairy cow disease surveillance system based on RFID technology
The entire system is operated with the cow number recorded in the RFID as the unique identifier to obtain all the data during the growth of the cow.
The system will adopt a four-tier architecture: physical layer, data layer, application layer, and presentation layer. The physical layer is mainly to establish a physical interface between the RFID and the data layer to realize RFID code acquisition. The data layer mainly consists of the basic data center and data summary processing. The collected code adds the detailed information of the dairy growth process through the dairy cow disease network supervision function in the database, and then the data exchange component of the application platform summarizes and filters the data. Re-enter the underlying data center. Resources in the database are provided by farms and production cooperatives. At the application level, the information resources of the dairy cow disease network supervision system, through the epidemic disease supervision link on the analysis of the epidemic disease, the epidemic situation, and the police release, finally release the regulatory information at the data presentation layer according to the release channel. Publishing methods include WEB information website, PD A handheld computer, TV, telephone, etc.
4 Application of dairy disease surveillance system
4.1 Herd management function
The herd management function fork includes two main functional modules
(1) The cattle management module records the basic information of dairy cows and realizes standardized management of dairy cows. The main indicators include: cattle farm number (bull farm name), cattle number, parent number, mother number, grandfather, mother number, grandfather, mother number , land (or place of birth), type (divided into local birth and foreign introduction), variety, coat color, date of birth, birth weight, owner's house, cow status, date of transfer (transfer date must be greater than date of birth), Alias, remarks: Dairy cows breastfeeding information: yak weaning weight, lactation period, breastfeeding days, etc.: Transaction information (limited entry and exit information): including the current quarantine and control of the disease status of dairy cows, access and other related breeding information, onset Recording, etc.:
The system has the function of modifying and deleting the basic information of the cows. The browsing system implements “photo management†on the existing cows to display the photos of the cows. The photos of the existing cows can be added and modified to delete the photos of the cows. The search results show the number of the cattle, the number of the cattle, Land, type, variety, coat color, cattle status, epidemic prevention status, etc.
(2) The herd breeding management module records the breeding situation of the herd, manages the pedigree data of the breeding cattle, inquires the parent and mother pedigrees, and generates the breeding traits of the breeding cattle.
4.2 Dairy Farm Management Function
Management of the basic information of each dairy farm, including the system to provide management of all aspects of the dairy farm, including personnel management, dairy management, milkroom management, equipment management, as well as feed, veterinary drugs, frozen sperm inventory management, etc.: The main operations are: The basic information of the dairy farm is entered, modified, deleted and inquired.
4.3 Disease and epidemic prevention management mainly includes the following functions
   (1) Vaccine management function: Manage the number of vaccines, purchase time, production date or batch number: the main operations are: entry, modification, deletion, and inquiry of vaccine information, and inquiry of vaccine injection status of each dairy farm.
(2) Inoculation management function: It is associated with cattle management and stores information on immunization vaccination for each cow or group of cattle.
(3) Epidemic situation management: monitoring of routine diseases of dairy farms (such as foot-and-mouth disease, bluetongue, anthrax, bovine leukemia, tuberculosis, brucellosis, etc.), name and characteristics of epidemic diseases: main operations are : Entry, modification, deletion, and inquiry of disease information.
(4) Emergency plan management: For the occurrence of epidemic situation and epidemic disease, an emergency plan or solution is proposed: the main operations include: entry, modification, deletion and inquiry of emergency plan information.
4.4 Milk management
   It mainly records the daily or monthly output, and can generate a production report, which can provide a milk or cattle milk production analysis table.
4.5 System Management
   Mainly for data backup and recovery functions, as well as user management functions (such as user rights management: users of animal husbandry management departments, can query the disease monitoring information and vaccination status of dairy farms: system management users, with data backup, user rights management, system Upgrade permissions, etc.).
4.6 Police Report
   When an outbreak occurs, multiple forms of reporting can be used in a timely and effective manner.
Conclusion
   This project is based on RFID electronic tags to access the ever-changing central database at any time and anywhere. It has strong practicability and will further enhance the quality and safety supervision of animal products, ensure the safety of agricultural products consumption, and promote the healthy development of agricultural and rural economy. The people's health and safety: vigorously promote the construction of a new socialist countryside and promote the coordinated development of urban and rural areas: effectively promote the development of modern animal husbandry and improve the market competitiveness of animal husbandry; effectively promote the transformation of the functions of the livestock sector and strengthen the capacity of public management, which is from the source It is of great significance to protect the quality and safety of agricultural products, maintain public health and promote the development of agriculture and rural economy. Moreover, with the continuous development of dairy farming, improving the milk production of dairy cows, improving the overall economic efficiency of breeding herds, production management level and control of major diseases have become important measures to improve the development of dairy cattle production. The status quo and the requirements for dairy production and disease control management, the introduction of computer management into dairy production has become an inevitable trend and development direction. Due to the implementation of RFID animal identification application technology, it also involves the corresponding management and monitoring of the change of workflow mode. In the short term, RFID will not have full-scale application in the field of animal identification.
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