At present, many versions of the calculation data of photovoltaic carbon emissions do not include the carbon emissions from silicon sand to metallurgical silicon, but they are calculated from the metallurgical silicon materials to photovoltaic systems, including research reports prepared by Li Junfeng. I guess it is because silicon is a raw material of Guangpu Industrial, such as semiconductors, chemical industry, etc. The industrial chain of photovoltaics is only calculated from silicon materials. It must be pointed out, however, that the reduction of silica sand SiO2 to metallurgical silicon has a large direct discharge of CO2 (SiO2+2C=Si+2CO, 2CO+O2=2CO2). A small group of people attacked the PV to conceal carbon emissions. I recalculated the carbon emissions from the silicon sand to the entire industrial chain of the photovoltaic system, exhausted all the related accessories, packaging materials (tempered glass, EVA, TPT, etc.), photovoltaic system integrated supporting equipment (grid-connected inverters, cables, etc.) The energy consumption of production, such as switches, brackets, meters, etc., and their carbon emissions are all positive.
Before the calculation must first introduce a few simple concepts, so that you can understand the calculation method:
1. Carbon Footprint refers to the collection of greenhouse gas emissions caused by corporate agencies, activities, products, or individuals. The main greenhouse gas emission channels are: transportation, food production and consumption, energy use and various production processes. All greenhouse gas emissions are usually expressed in terms of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e). It is also commonly referred to as "carbon consumption."
2. Greenhouse Gas (GHG) refers to the gaseous component of the atmosphere that contributes to the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse gases mainly include carbon dioxide (CO2), ozone (O3), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and artificial greenhouse gas chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), chlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6).
From the production of metallurgical silicon to polysilicon, there is a direct discharge of toxic gases such as hydrogen chloride off-gas (of course there are corresponding recycling measures), but there is no emission of greenhouse gases. There is also no greenhouse gas emissions from the production process of polysilicon ingots to photovoltaic systems (there are a few toxic gas emissions that have been treated before).
3. Calculation method
1) Indirect carbon emissions: refers to the carbon equivalent emissions calculated from the conversion of electricity consumption of production equipment. This refers mainly to carbon equivalent emissions calculated from the conversion of consumed electricity such as polysilicon reduction, cutting, component packaging, and system integration and installation. The energy consumption data of the industrial chain is taken from the [PV energy recovery period calculation table].
The commonly used calculation formula is: electricity consumption × electricity carbon emission factor = indirect carbon emissions
2) Direct carbon emission: refers to the amount of greenhouse gas directly emitted during the production process of the battery industry chain. This refers to the amount of CO2 emitted directly from the reduction of silica sand to metallurgical silicon.
The following calculation is very simple, as detailed in the following table:
According to the calculation, from the perspective of the polysilicon photovoltaic industry chain (silica sand-photovoltaic power plant system), the average carbon emission per degree of photovoltaic power generation is only 47.32 g CO2/KWH, which is approximately 10-17 times that of traditional fossil energy power generation. Therefore, photovoltaic power generation is a truly low-carbon energy source.
Welcome to Paizhuan, in order to facilitate everyone to pick the wrong / check, I also announced the Excel version of the calculation template (set the formula) for everyone to download check: http://vdisk.weibo.com/s/8TSh4 (author and the same sea New energy microblogging)
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