High power self-cleaning solar panels may appear on the roof near you. There are two most obvious problems with solar cells and solar panels: First, their surface is glossy, so that a significant portion of the light incident on the surface of the solar panel is reflected back to the sky without being converted to electrical energy; second, high wind, rain, Scouring and the dust and debris left by the birds make the surface of the solar panels very dirty.
Current studies published in the international magazine of nanofabrication show that the addition of a nano-scale relief pattern on the surface of solar cells can effectively reduce the efficiency of reflections and make them highly non-tacky and self-cleaning at the same time.
Zhangbin Zhu of Changchun University of Science and Technology (China), Zhang Jin of Xi'an University of Technology (China) and their partner in the EU FP7 LaserNaMi project designed a method-lithography, in the process of "printing" microelectronic circuits on the surface of solar cells. Add a pattern. Patterns are characterized by being very small and their individual parts are shorter than the wavelength of light. This means that incident sunlight is absorbed rather than reflected, and the energy absorbed inside the solar cell is converted into electrical energy.
These same patterns allow the surface of the solar cell to resemble the surface of the lotus leaf, which is water-repellent and hydrophobic. No droplets on the surface can stick to the particles and liquids that are stuck on it. When it rains, any deposits are removed and the rain quickly and effectively escapes the surface of the solar panel, allowing the solar panels to be cleaned and dried after a heavy rain.
The team's work showed that the pattern layer on top of the active area of ​​the solar panel can avoid energy loss caused by surface reflections. This directly increases the absorption of light in the visible and near-infrared spectrum, all of which contribute to the improvement of the photovoltaic efficiency of solar panels. The team explained that since the solar cell surface is printed so that the covered nano-scale vertebral body can provide the best combination of non-reflective and hydrophobic solar panels, it has a self-cleaning function.
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