Although lithium-ion batteries are the main energy storage devices today, there are still many research groups and manufacturers trying to find more stable and effective energy storage technologies than lithium-ion batteries. The US Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has recently successfully developed Magnesium solid-state batteries, and the battery prototype energy density and material cost are better than lithium-ion batteries.
Magnesium is richer in earth content than lithium ore, and its cost is lower. Electricity is also double as lithium battery, but there are still many obstacles to be surpassed.
It is reasonable to say that the battery ion can flow through the electrolyte between the positive and negative electrodes, and the battery is powered by the electrochemical reaction, and the reaction must be reversible, otherwise the battery cannot be charged, but the carbonate in the magnesium battery ) Electrolyte easily forms a barrier on the surface of magnesium during charge and discharge cycles, hindering battery charging.
Although magnesium can also be charged and discharged through a highly corrosive liquid electrolyte, if a corrosive electrolyte is used, the magnesium battery will not be able to operate at a high voltage and there are also safety concerns. NREL therefore developed a new electrolyte that combines polyacrylonitrile with a magnesium-ion salt to form a solid electrolyte that protects magnesium anodes and improves battery performance.
Researchers have now succeeded in creating prototypes for magnesium solid-state batteries. Research has also pointed out that protected magnesium anodes can also be charged in carbonate electrolytes and provide more energy. In addition, the research team in addition to the successful development of rechargeable magnesium batteries, but also provide anode and electrolyte incompatible solution to solve the cathode and the limitations of ion pairs.
Magnesium has a very rich content of earth, ranking eighth in reserves, and magnesium as an alkaline earth metal with 2 valence electrons. Compared to lithium with 1 valence electron, it can provide almost twice the amount of electricity, plus magnesium will not Generate dendrites, the battery will not have the risk of explosion. If the magnesium battery is successfully implemented and commercialized, it will be of great benefit to the rapidly growing battery market.
"As a science researcher, we are always thinking about what to do next?†NREL Materials Science scientist Chunmei Ban said that the lithium-ion battery power, which is dominant in energy storage, has gradually reached the peak, so there is an urgent need to find a new generation of storage Energy technology, and new batteries must also be able to provide more power at a lower cost. NREL scientist Seoung-Bum Son pointed out that this discovery will help to lay the ground for magnesium batteries in the future.
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