ã€China Aluminum Network】 China's Aluminum Electrolysis Technology Since the introduction of the 160KA intermediate batching pre-baking tanks' skills at the end of the 1970s, the beginning of the digestion of foreign skills has unveiled the prelude to the development of modern aluminum electrolysis technology in China. The research of mathematical models of magnetic fluids is centered on the deepening of research on skills, data, process control, and supporting skills. Since the 1990s, a series of effects have been achieved in the development of basic theory, the development of large-scale aluminum electrolytic cells, and the use of projects. The development of oversized electrolyzers with capacities of 280 and 320 kA has been successful, which has made the aluminum industry's skill development remarkable. The development of large-capacity electrolyzers has enabled China's aluminum electrolysis skills to reach a more advantageous level as a whole, and the appearance of electrolytic aluminum industry has undergone fundamental changes.
Poor performance in practice indicators. Because of the short development time, the deep development of China's large-scale aluminum electrolytic cells in the field of production is significantly insufficient, resulting in a large gap between the production indicators of practical operation indicators and the comparative advantages. Most of them are operating under heavy load and small grid conditions, and there are many potential safety hazards. Aluminium electricity and joint ventures are one of the trends in the development of electrolytic aluminum enterprises in China, but there is also a corresponding doubt about their skills. Because large-capacity electrolyzers usually have a large series of plans (a series of production capacity can reach 200,000 tons or more), infinite power loads will be collected in a production series (usually more than 400,000 KW or more), and any electrolysis series produced will be shaken. Cause greater impact on the power grid or captive power plant, or even to provide safety.
Lack of the "precision planning" skills based on the thorough understanding of the cathode damage mechanism and rules, and the induction of skills to improve the number of life slots, the electrolytic cell is difficult to reach the planned life, and the breakage rate is high in the early stage. In addition to doubts about the longevity of large troughs in China, in addition to the widespread belief in the quality of cathodic carbon data in China, there are some problems in the planning of electrolyzers, building data, building quality, roasting, normal production operations, and production management. doubt. The deep reason for these questions is that China still lacks a deep understanding of the mechanism and rules of damage (usually referred to as cathode damage) in aluminum reduction cells, and the skills of “precision planning†and the generalization of the number of life slots on this basis. . With the continuous expansion of the capacity of the electrolyzer, the question of the number of slots is even more outstanding.
Lack of leading production operation skills, high cost of work. China's 300KA grade super large-scale pre-baked aluminum electrolytic cell is put into use for a short period of time. It is not possible to completely copy the relevant experience once used on large prebaked tanks (these experiences are also very limited). The problem of unequal current distribution in the roasting process is more outstanding and the energy consumption in the roasting process is large; the physical field (electric field, magnetic field, flow field) of the electrolysis cell is simply shaken after operation, and the heat balance is kept more difficult; the cell resistance is very high. It is easy to be shaken by external disturbances, and the anode effect calms down after the occurrence of the anode effect. Because the inertia of the electrolytic cell is large, it is difficult to return to normal quickly if there is a phenomenon such as shaking or abnormal conditions in the cell.
As far as China’s electrolytic aluminum production status is concerned, energy efficiency is about 15% lower than its preponderance level. The main watch is now: the current efficiency difference is 2-3 percentage points; the difference between tons of aluminum power consumption is 300-800Kwh; the anode for electrolytic aluminum The energy consumption of the production process differs by 3Gj/t; the anode consumption of electrolytic aluminum differs by 30-60Kg (equivalent to about 75-150Kg of standard coal); the difference in the life of the electric slot is about 1000 days; the anode effect coefficient has an advantage of 0.1 times/day. Below the trough, China's better level is 0.3 times/day trough.
China’s electrolytic aluminum industry started from 2002, and the output value of electrolytic aluminum was excessive. Affected by the downflow occupational needs, China’s electrolytic aluminum surplus in 2008 is expected to reach 500,000 tons. The growth rate of electrolytic aluminum needs to slow down. Due to the economic crisis, the demand from real estate and automobile occupations has dropped sharply. The demand for professional equipment from electrical equipment continues to grow at a rapid rate. The demand for electrolytic aluminum in the packaging profession has remained stable. 2008 Annual electrolytic aluminum needs to grow at a rate of 10%. China's bauxite capital is scarce and capacity expansion will not continue. China's mining capital is scarce, aluminum mining capital can only be maintained for 10 years, and our country’s capital can no longer support the expansion rate of electrolytic aluminum occupation at an average annual rate of 20%. The production cost of electrolytic aluminum is 15,000 yuan/ton-17500 yuan/ton, while the price of electrolytic aluminum is only 13,400 yuan/ton, and the professional loss is severe. With the further fall of the material, the uniform production of electrolytic aluminum enterprises in China is also at a price of 15,000 yuan, so the possibility of a sharp drop in aluminum prices is very small. In June 2009, the price of aluminum might be as high as 15,000 yuan/ton.
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