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Use of magnetic bearings
Source: China Bearing Network Time: 2014-05-19
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First, characteristics and classification 1. Features 1 conflict.
2 high support accuracy; safe operation; reliable.
3 can work in high temperature, deep cold and vacuum environment.
4 layout is messy; demand conditions are harsh; there is magnetic disturbance to the environment; but no other pollution.
2. Classification magnetic bearings are classified according to their control methods, magnetic energy history, layout methods, etc. In addition, they can be classified into permanent magnet type, electromagnet type and permanent magnet electromagnet according to the type of magnetic field. They can also be classified into suction according to the type of bearing suspension force. Type and repulsive type. Superconducting magnetic bearings are also divided into low temperature superconducting and high temperature superconducting.
There are some special constraints between the different types in the above categories; special attention should be paid.
1 permanent magnet type bearing can only be passive type (forced type); passive type bearing can not be stable in 3 directions; at least 1 direction should be active type.
2 DC encouraged bearings can only be active (automatic).
3 pure electromagnet type bearing can only be 5 degree of freedom control type bearing; its volume, quality and power consumption are relatively large.
4 repulsion type magnetic bearings; because the magnetic utilization rate is low; the layout is more attractive than the suction type; usually rarely used.
Second, several typical magnetic bearings 1. Permanent magnet type magnetic bearing Permanent magnet type magnetic bearing is made of permanent magnet; it can be made into various shapes. The bearing capacity and stiffness of the bearing are determined by the variety of permanent magnet data; the shape, area, thickness and equipment of the magnetic pole; Bearing clearance; and some dimensions of soft magnetic steel. The theoretical accounting of this kind of bearing is not easy; often use the "test similar method" for layout drawing. That is, several typical bearing layouts are determined by test method; the bearing capacity and stiffness value are measured. The new depiction of the bearing only needs to take the same information; the layout method and the scale are determined by the share; its function can be obtained by the share; if the bearing capacity and the square of the bearing feature scale become a share.
Proof of experience; adding magnet thickness and selection of soft magnetic steel pole piece layout; useful for bearing bearing of progressive bearing. It is worthy of special attention; permanent magnet bearing no matter which permanent magnet data and any layout method; Constraint; once the scale is exceeded; the bearing cannot support its own component. Therefore, the permanent magnet bearing cannot be oversized.
2. Forced communication and encouragement type magnetic bearings (1) Thrust bearing Thrust bearings are usually combined in pairs; each bearing is an electromagnet. The shape of the core is usually E-shaped, U-shaped or circular. The tuning method is divided into series. And parallel two.
Third, the use of magnetic bearings examples Magnetic bearings are currently under research and development; their use is mostly experimental; no mass production; nor commercialization.
1. The use of the machine tool is limited in the use of the machine tool spindle; it is a trial property.
(1) Fine machine tool spindle France S2M company made a fine spindle with 5 degrees of freedom to control the magnetic bearing support; its radial bearing dn value is 4X106mm0鹯/min; journal speed is 200m/s; thrust bearing dn value It is 8X106mm0鹯/min; the thrust journal speed is 400m/s.
(2) Super precision lens lathe France S2M company super-precision lathe spindle supported by automatic magnetic bearing; speed 2000r/min; power lkW; processing precision 0. 05ttm.
2. In the fine instrument, the British National Physical Laboratory has developed an automatic resolution measuring instrument using a magnetic floating guide rail; in the frequency band of 1 kHz; the support stiffness is 175 N/gm; the resolution is 0.11 nm.
3. Use in pumps (1) Blood pump Magnetic bearing blood pump developed by the University of Tokyo and NTN in Japan. The spindle is supported by a 5 degree of freedom automatic control type magnetic bearing; the bearing capacity of the imported radial bearing is 18N; The bearing capacity is 22N; the bearing capacity of the thrust bearing is 9. 2N.
(2) Circulating pump France SEP company selected S2M company's automatic magnetic bearing research and development to develop a liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen circulating pump for rocket engines.
4. The use of space technology in Japan NAL&MELCO and NAL&TOSIBA company use automatic magnetic bearings to support the space posture to control the inertia wheel.
5. Use in physical tests (1) High-precision particle beam converter Germany Uranit has introduced three particle beam converters that use magnetic bearings to support the rotor.
(2) Neutron selector neutron selector made by KFA of Germany; single-degree-of-freedom forced magnetic bearing is used to support the rotor; the rotation speed is 36000r/min.
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